Materials Identification Guide

Alberta Lithic Material

 











Name Natural Non-heat treated points Heat treated points Color details Primary found in: Associated        Formation / Member
Agate Jasper   Ranges from yellow to brown or green.  Part if the material will be banded and be translucent while the remaining will be mottled and opaque. Southern Alberta  
Alberta Ironstone
AKA: Ironstone Concretions
  Ranges from a dark rusty brown to black Western to southern Alberta  
Athabasca Quartzite   Ranges in color from a brown to a gray or silver gray color.  Inclusions may be present. East central Alberta McMurray Formation
Avon Chert
AKA: Avon Valley Porcellanite
  Porcelain white with brown chalcedony inclusions Southwestern Alberta  
Ayers Quartzite     Southwestern Alberta  
Banff Chert Commonly banded ranging from a dark gray to a bluish black Southwestern Alberta Banff Formation
Basalt   Ranges from black to gray Alberta Volcanic
Beaver River Silicified Sandstone
AKA: Beaver Creek Quartzite, Muskeg Valley Microquartz
  Slightly mottled ranging in color from brown to orange and light to medium gray Northeastern Alberta  
Black Quartzite   Ranges from a dark charcoal gray to black. Southwestern Alberta  
Blairmore Chert   Southern Alberta  
Bowman Chert
AKA: Bowman Porcellanite
  Porcelain white with brown chalcedony inclusions Southwestern Alberta  
Cypress Hills Quartzite   Light grayish color. Southeastern Alberta Cypress Hills Formation
Doggett Chert   Variegated or breccia ranging most commonly a light tan or buff to brown.  Less commonly white to light blue or gray, dendritic inclusions are present Southern Alberta Pilgrim Limestone Formation
Dry Creek Quartzite     Alberta  
Elk River Silicified Mudstone   Ranges from muddy brown to grey or black.  A mottled "wormified" or light "‘vermiculated" streaking may be present British Columbia, Alberta Elk River Formation
Etherington Chert Mottled with colors of primarily gray with shades of brown, red, and purple.  Quartz inclusions and micro fossils are present. Southwestern Alberta Etherington Formation
Everson Creek Chert   Southern Alberta South Fold - Thrust  Belt
Glacial Pass Concretions
AKA: Glacial Pass Siliceous Mudstone
Ranging from dark gray or brown brown to beige, and greyish brown with some purplish brown Southwestern Alberta Fernie Formation
Grinnell Argillite   Ranges from a greenish gray or a dark red color Southwestern Alberta Grinnell Formation of the Belt Series 
Grizzly Ridge Chert     Central Alberta  
Gronlid Siltstone   Black in color with a gray shale cortex Southeastern Alberta  
Hand Hills Agate     South central Alberta  
Helena Chert   Southern Alberta Helena Limestone Formation
Knee Hills Tuff   Purplish gray weathering to a dark gray to black. South central Alberta Whitemud and Battle Formations
Knife River Flint
Knife River Chert, Knife River Chalcedony
  Ranges in color from a root beer, tea, coffee, or caramel brown Southeastern Alberta Eocene Golden Valley Formation
Kootenai Argillite
AKA: Kootenay Argillite, Kootenie Argillite
  Ranges from a light green to a light gray Southwestern Alberta Kootenai Formation
Lake One Dune Chert Creamy white and gray to a brown North central Alberta  
Logan Quarry Chert   Light brownish yellow to a medium yellow.  Darker inclusion and veins of quartz / chalcedony may be present. Southern Alberta Jefferson Formation, Madison Group
Louise Falls Orthoquartzite   Quartz rich sandstone forming a orthoquartzite. Northwest Territories, Alberta Louise Falls Member of the Hay River Formation.
Nordegg Chert
AKA: Nordegg Siltstone
  Black Southwestern Alberta Nordegg Member of the Fernie Formation
Missing Link Mountain Quartzite     Southwestern Alberta  
Norquay Chert   Southwestern Alberta Mount Head Formation
Northern Quartzite
AKA: Alta Quartzite, Polar Quartzite
  Ranges from a honey brown to a slightly pale purplish gray color.
Central to northern Alberta  
Obsidian
AKA: Volcanic Glass
  Black to black with bands of dark reds (mahogany obsidian) or white flakes (snowflake obsidian) Alberta Volcanic
Peace Point Chert   Mottled and banded gray color North central Alberta Limestone formation
Peace River Chert Black Northwestern Alberta  
Peace River Siltstone   Ranges from a dark gray to black Northwestern Alberta Peace River Formation
Petrified Wood
AKA: Agatized Wood, Opalized Wood
  Vary in color based on the minerals present during the process Alberta Varies
Porcellanite
Generic type
  Ranges from white to brown or various shades of gray Southern Alberta Varies
Ranger Canyon Chert Bluish gray with sponge spicules Southern and central Alberta Ranger Canyon Formation
Red Deer Siltstone
AKA: Paskapoo Chert
  Ranges from a dark red to tan color with white macrofossil inclusions. South central to southwestern Alberta Paskapoo Formation
Rhyolite   Gray to grayish black, flow banding may be present alternating from light to darker gray North America Volcanic Activity
Salt and Pepper Quartzite
Northern Quartzite variant
  Matrix that ranges from white to light gray, bluish gray or a light tannish brown white with black inclusions East central Alberta  
Schmitt Chert   Southern Alberta Mission Canyon Limestone and Lodgepole Limestone formations of the Madison Group
Silicified Peat     Alberta  
Tertiary Hills Clinker
AKA: Tertiary Hills Welded Tuff, Keele River Obsidian
  Ranges in color from white to grey, lower quality light brown, red, and purple are seen. Northern Alberta  
Tuff
AKA: Solidified Volcanic Ash
  Contains greater than 75 volcanic ash and ranges from white to tan, gray or pink. North America Volcanic activity
Vanochen Chert    Alberta